A College of Medicine researcher has received a prestigious U.S. National Science Foundation CAREER Award to support her research into the cellular causes of inflammation, discoveries that could be pivotal for treating 聽conditions like Crohn鈥檚 disease and arthritis.
Justine Tigno-Aranjuez鈥檚 lab has been researching lipid mediators 鈥� bioactive lipids the body produces in response to stimuli such as microorganisms or microbial products. Scientists have long known that lipid mediators can influence both the initiation and resolution of inflammation. However, the exact mechanisms by which this happens are still not completely understood.
She will use her five-year grant of more than $1 million to study how a specific receptor and cellular signaling pathway, known as NOD2, influences the production of lipid mediators with the goal of better understanding its impact on inflammation.
鈥淭he NOD2 pathway has been widely studied, in part, because of its well-known genetic links with inflammatory diseases like Crohn鈥檚 Disease and Early Onset Sarcoidosis,” Tigno-Aranjuez says. “Most of the focus has been on the events which promote the production of inflammatory cytokines, another type of protein-based signaling molecule. There are very few studies looking into how exactly activation of the NOD2 pathway can lead to the production of lipid mediators. Our hope is that by understanding the molecular events important for the production of such lipid mediators, we can guide therapies in the future that either prevent inflammation or promote its resolution.鈥�
Today, nearly 35% of US adults suffer from chronic inflammatory disease. Inflammation occurs as a part of the body鈥檚 natural immune response. When a foreign substance like a virus or bacterium enters your body, it cues production of cytokines and lipid mediators that recruit inflammatory cells to control the infection. Later, the body produces other to promote healing and the clearance of dead cells.
However, if the body incorrectly starts inflammation when no foreign object is present, or doesn鈥檛 stop the inflammatory process once the danger is over, patients can develop chronic illness.
鈥淚n the past, researchers believed that when something caused inflammation, let鈥檚 say you get poked with something or infected with a microbe, when you take that away, everything will go back to normal,鈥� Tigno-Aranjuez says. 鈥淏ut what researchers have found out is there are聽 a lot of factors that go into bringing us back to baseline, including the active production of certain classes of lipid mediators and that鈥檚 why it鈥檚 important that we understand how they are produced.鈥�
Every year, hundreds of researchers apply for the NSF鈥檚 CAREER Award which support early-career faculty who they see as potential role models in education and research. With only about 50 given out this year, Tigno-Aranjuez says she was honored and grateful for the award.
鈥淭his was one of my long-standing pet projects. It wasn鈥檛 the original focus of the lab when I started, but it was something that I was really interested in pursuing and taking further. So, to see it now funded and recognized is really important.鈥� she says.
This grant will also offer 激情快播 undergraduates a sustained research experience to prepare them for future careers in the sciences and in medicine.
鈥淭he grant will support a Sustained Research Initiative, which I am hoping will open up a lot of opportunities for undergraduates to get hands-on research in a controlled setting.鈥� she says. 鈥淪tudents will be working both as individuals and as a team in research labs, and, if they do really well, will have the opportunity to serve as an instructor for future students.鈥�
Tigno-Aranjuez immigrated to the United States from the Philippines to conduct her graduate and postdoctoral training at Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland. She joined 激情快播 in 2015 and focuses her research on innate immune signaling pathways involved in chronic inflammatory diseases.
